Week 14

首本文學批評(西方文學理論):Aristotle's Poetics

Introduction of Aristotle's poetics (384-322 B.C.B)

Aristotle is a towering figure in ancient Greek philosophy, making contributions to logic, metaphysics,mathematics,physics,biology,ethics,politics,agriculture,medicine,dance and theatre.He was a student of Plato who in turn studied under Socrates.He was more empirically minded than Plato or Socrates and is famous for rejecting Plato's theory of forms. In his lifetime,Aristotle wrote as many as 200 treatises, of which only 31 survive.Aristotle was the first to classify areas of human knowledge into distinct disciplines such as mathematics,biology, and ethics.Some of these classifications are still used today.

Vocabulary.

1.Sexual strike:性罷工

2.Deceithful:欺騙的

3.Masturbation:手淫，自慰

4.Self Abuse:自暴自棄

5.Abstinence:節制，禁食

6.Naked Handmaid:裸體的婢女

7.Desperate:令人絕望的

8.Farce:鬧劇，笑劇

9.Platonic Academy:柏拉圖學院

10.Socrates:蘇格拉底(古希臘哲學家)

11.Plato's Dialogues:柏拉圖的對話

12.Dramatic Theory:戲劇理論

13.Literary Theory:文學理論

14. Mimesis:(生物)擬態，模仿

Mimesis, "to imitate,"from(mimos),"imitator,actor")is a critical and philosophical term that carries a wide range of meanings,which imitation, representation, mimicry, imitatio, receptivity, nonsensuous similarity, the act of resembling, the act of expression, and the presentation of the self.

15.Imitations:模仿

16.Spectacle:精彩的表演

17.Tragic Hero:悲劇英雄

18.Tragic Flaw:悲劇性缺陷

19.Hamartia:悲劇性的弱點

      Harmartia, is about classical Greek term. For medical term,see 
Harmartia (medical term).The term hamartia derives from the Greek, which means"to miss the mark" or "to err".It is most often 
associated with Greek tragedy, although it is also used in Christian theology.

20.Metaphor: 隱喻

21.Point of View:觀點

22.Omniscient:無所不知的

23.Oedipus Rex:俄狄浦斯王(電影名)

24.Katharsis:淨化

25.Past Violence:過去的暴力